Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Gilliam T[original query] |
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First responder assertive linkage programs: A scoping review of interventions to improve linkage to care for people who use drugs
Worthington N , Gilliam T , Mital S , Caslin S . J Public Health Manag Pract 2022 28 S302-s310 CONTEXT: In response to the drug overdose crisis, first responders, in partnership with public health, provide new pathways to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and other services for individuals they encounter in their day-to-day work. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review synthesizes available evidence on first responder programs that take an assertive approach to making linkages to care. RESULTS: Seven databases were searched for studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and December 2019. Additional articles were identified through reference-checking and subject matter experts. Studies were selected for inclusion if they sufficiently described interventions that (1) focus on adults who use drugs; (2) are in the United States; (3) involve police, fire, or emergency medical services; and (4) assertively link individuals to SUD treatment. Twenty-two studies met inclusion criteria and described 34 unique programs, implementation barriers and facilitators, assertive linkage strategies, and linkage outcomes, including unintended consequences. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the range of linkage strategies concurrently implemented and areas for improving practice and research, such as the need for more linkages to evidence-based strategies, namely, medications for opioid use disorder, harm reduction, and wraparound services. |
Prevalence, characteristics and clinical diagnosis of maturity onset diabetes of the young due to mutations in HNF1A, HNF4A, and glucokinase: results from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth.
Pihoker C , Gilliam LK , Ellard S , Dabelea D , Davis C , Dolan LM , Greenbaum CJ , Imperatore G , Lawrence JM , Marcovina SM , Mayer-Davis E , Rodriguez BL , Steck AK , Williams DE , Hattersley AT . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013 98 (10) 4055-62 AIMS: Our study aims were to determine the frequency of MODY mutations (HNF1A, HNF4A, glucokinase) in a diverse population of youth with diabetes and to assess how well clinical features identify youth with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). METHODS: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study is a US multicenter, population-based study of youth with diabetes diagnosed at age younger than 20 years. We sequenced genomic DNA for mutations in the HNF1A, HNF4A, and glucokinase genes in 586 participants enrolled in SEARCH between 2001 and 2006. Selection criteria included diabetes autoantibody negativity and fasting C-peptide levels of 0.8 ng/mL or greater. RESULTS: We identified a mutation in one of three MODY genes in 47 participants, or 8.0% of the tested sample, for a prevalence of at least 1.2% in the pediatric diabetes population. Of these, only 3 had a clinical diagnosis of MODY, and the majority was treated with insulin. Compared with the MODY-negative group, MODY-positive participants had lower FCP levels (2.2 +/- 1.4 vs 3.2 +/- 2.1 ng/mL, P < .01) and fewer type 2 diabetes-like metabolic features. Parental history of diabetes did not significantly differ between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: In this systematic study of MODY in a large pediatric US diabetes cohort, unselected by referral pattern or family history, MODY was usually misdiagnosed and incorrectly treated with insulin. Although many type 2 diabetes-like metabolic features were less common in the mutation-positive group, no single characteristic identified all patients with mutations. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of MODY diagnosis, particularly in antibody-negative youth with diabetes. |
Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus: prevalence and genetic diagnosis in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.
Kanakatti Shankar R , Pihoker C , Dolan LM , Standiford D , Badaru A , Dabelea D , Rodriguez B , Black MH , Imperatore G , Hattersley A , Ellard S , Gilliam LK . Pediatr Diabetes 2013 14 (3) 174-80 BACKGROUND: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is defined as diabetes with onset before 6 months of age. Nearly half of individuals with NDM are affected by permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM). Mutations in KATP channel genes (KCNJ11, ABCC8) and the insulin gene (INS) are the most common causes of PNDM. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of PNDM among SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study participants (2001-2008) and to identify the genetic mutations causing PNDM. METHODS: SEARCH is a multicenter population-based study of diabetes in youth <20 yr of age. Participants diagnosed with diabetes before 6 months of age were invited for genetic testing for mutations in the KCNJ11, ABCC8, and INS genes. RESULTS: Of the 15,829 SEARCH participants with diabetes, 39 were diagnosed before 6 months of age. Thirty-five of them had PNDM (0.22% of all diabetes cases in SEARCH), 3 had transient neonatal diabetes that had remitted by 18 months and 1 was unknown. The majority of them (66.7%) had a clinical diagnosis of type1 diabetes by their health care provider. Population prevalence of PNDM in youth <20 yr was estimated at 1 in 252,000. Seven participants underwent genetic testing; mutations causing PNDM were identified in five (71%), (two KCNJ11, three INS). CONCLUSIONS: We report the first population-based frequency of PNDM in the US based on the frequency of PNDM in SEARCH. Patients with NDM are often misclassified as having type1 diabetes. Widespread education is essential to encourage appropriate genetic testing and treatment of NDM. |
Transition from pediatric to adult care for youth diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in adolescence
Lotstein DS , Seid M , Klingensmith G , Case D , Lawrence JM , Pihoker C , Dabelea D , Mayer-Davis EJ , Gilliam LK , Corathers S , Imperatore G , Dolan L , Anderson A , Bell RA , Waitzfelder B . Pediatrics 2013 131 (4) e1062-70 OBJECTIVE: Youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at risk for poor glycemic control as they age into adulthood. The aim of this study was to describe sociodemographic and clinical correlates of poor glycemic control associated with the transfer of care from pediatric to adult diabetes providers among a cohort of youth with type 1 diabetes diagnosed in adolescence. METHODS: Analyses included 185 adolescent participants with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study with pediatric care at baseline who were age ≥18 years at follow-up. Demographic and clinical factors were measured by survey and laboratory results. Survival analysis was used to estimate the age of transition. Logistic regression analysis assessed the association of demographic and clinical factors with the transition of care and poor glycemic control at follow-up. RESULTS: Fifty-seven percent of participants had transitioned to adult diabetes care providers by the follow-up visit. The estimated median age of transition of care was 20.1 years (95% confidence interval 19.8-20.4). Older age, lower baseline glycosylated hemoglobin, and less parental education were independently associated with increased odds of transition. The odds of poor glycemic control at follow-up were 2.5 times higher for participants who transitioned to adult care compared with those who remained in pediatric care. CONCLUSIONS: Transferring from pediatric to adult care, experienced by more than half the sample, was associated with an increased risk of poor glycemic control at follow-up. These findings suggest that young adults need additional support when moving to adult care. |
A population-based study of neurologic manifestations of severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in California
Glaser CA , Winter K , Dubray K , Harriman K , Uyeki TM , Sejvar J , Gilliam S , Louie JK . Clin Infect Dis 2012 55 (4) 514-20 BACKGROUND: Reported influenza-associated neurologic complications are generally limited to case series or case reports. We conducted a population-based study of neurologic manifestations associated with severe and fatal influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (2009 H1N1) cases. METHODS: Medical records of patients with fatal or severe (hospitalized in intensive care unit) laboratory-confirmed 2009 H1N1 reported to the California Department of Public Health from 15 April 2009 through 31 December 2009 were reviewed to identify those with primary neurological manifestations. Cases with secondary neurologic manifestations (eg, hypoxia) were excluded. Primary influenza-associated neurologic complications (INCs) were classified into 4 groups: encephalopathy/encephalitis, seizures, meningitis, and other. Severe 2009 H1N1-associated neurologic incidence was calculated by using estimates of 2009 H1N1 illnesses in California. RESULTS: Of 2069 reported severe or fatal 2009 H1N1 cases, 419 (20%) had neurologic manifestations. Of these, 77 (18%) met our definition of INCs: encephalopathy/encephalitis (n = 29), seizures (n = 44), meningitis (n = 3), and other (Guillain-Barre Syndrome) (n = 1). The median age was 9 years (range, 4 months-92 years); the highest rate of disease was among pediatric Asian/Pacific Islanders (12.79 per 1,000,000) compared with pediatric white, non-Hispanics (3.09 per 1,000,000), Hispanics (4.58 per 1,000,000), and blacks (6.57 per 1,000,000). The median length of stay (LOS) was 4 days (range, 1-142), and there were 4 fatalities. The estimated incidence of INCs was 1.2 per 100,000 symptomatic 2009 H1N1 illnesses. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza-associated neurologic complications were observed in 4% of patients with fatal or severe 2009 H1N1. They were observed most often in pediatric patients, and Asian/Pacific Islanders appear to be overrepresented compared with the California population. Most patients with INCs had a relatively short LOS, and there were few fatalities. |
Adverse antiepileptic drug effects in new-onset seizures: a case-control study
Perucca P , Jacoby A , Marson AG , Baker GA , Lane S , Benn EK , Thurman DJ , Hauser WA , Gilliam FG , Hesdorffer DC . Neurology 2011 76 (3) 273-9 OBJECTIVE: Adverse effects (AEs) are a major concern when starting antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment. This study quantified the extent to which AE reporting in people with new-onset seizures started on AEDs is attributable to the medication per se, and investigated variables contributing to AE reporting. METHODS: We pooled data from 2 large prospective studies, the Multicenter Study of Early Epilepsy and Single Seizures and the Northern Manhattan Study of incident unprovoked seizures, and compared adverse event profile (AEP) total and factor scores between adult cases prescribed AEDs for new-onset seizures and untreated controls, adjusting for several demographic and clinical variables. Differences in AEP scores were also tested across different AED monotherapies and controls, and between cases and controls grouped by number of seizures. RESULTS: A total of 212 cases and 206 controls were identified. Most cases (94.2%) were taking low AED doses. AEP scores did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Depression, female gender, symptomatic etiology, younger seizure onset age, ≥2 seizures, and history of febrile seizures were associated with higher AEP scores. There were no significant differences in AEP scores across different monotherapies and controls. AEP scores increased in both cases and controls with increasing number of seizures, the increment being more pronounced in cases. CONCLUSIONS: When AED treatment is started at low doses following new-onset seizures, AE reporting does not differ from untreated individuals. Targeting specific factors affecting AE reporting could lead to improved tolerability of epilepsy treatment. |
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